There are five different crystalline forms of ice made from water.
A team working with the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Rochester were able to produce superionic water from a high-pressure type of ice and a series of powerful laser pulses.
Water molecules are made from two hydrogen atoms connected to one oxygen atom in a V-shape. Weak forces between the molecules become more obvious as they cool, causing them to push apart when water freezes.
In superionic water heat breaks the bonds between a water molecule’s atoms, leaving a solid crystal structure of oxygen atoms, and a flow of hydrogen nuclei or ions in between them – creating both a solid and a liquid at the same time.
In the end, you are left with hot ice, depending on your process it can even be hotter than some parts of the sun.
That’s quite cool! Sounds impossible but also makes sense.
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There is so much still to learn, it’s so exciting!
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